Ask HN: Why did COM/SOAP/other protocols fail?

With the recent buzz around MCP, it made me think about what I've read about other unifying protocol attempts in the past. Why did these 2000s era interoperability protocols fail, and what does MCP do different? Was it a matter of security issues in a newly networked world? A matter of bad design? A matter of being too calcified? I would love to hear from those who were around that time.