I was a game developer for many years, at large scale (MMO) and at small scale (indie).

With the advent of AI, I've been _trying_ to use AI to accelerate game development and have come to a few conclusions.

1. AI models want to make everything deterministic. This sounds like a truly sound way to write a verifiable program. Games are not verifiable simulators except in the niche of ...simulators. Even in those cases, the vast infrastructure devoted to this leads to a lot of churn, bugs (AI forcing things to align with the verifier), and rigidity.

2. Making a game != Fun. This one is obvious but needs to be stated. Anyone on earth right now can say "make me doom" or "make me a super mario clone" and Opus/Astra will dutifully comply and make something generic and bland. Once the novelty of "oh wow it actually built it" wears off, you're left with a mediocre clone, lacking depth, that no customer would want hoisted upon them.

3. Content and novelty are the hard parts. AI models always create the mediocre middle. There's real work (and interesting work) involved in both inventing novel gameplay systems which LLMs will never stumble upon despite infinite 'brainstorming prompts'. But, AI is 'OK' at taking your novel idea and proposing directions -- that you can then strike down viciously until something interesting emerges.

On the content side, this has always been a truism for an independent developer. AI art tools aren't quite there yet. There's image-to-3D and there's Mixamo for animation but we're not there yet. Nearly though! But again, will every game look like a bland generic AI generated image with bland AI generated models?

4. AI models are crap at building re-usable large-scale architectures. Even building with Opus 5.5 and Astra they will happy design themselves into a corner. Yes, they can _also_ design themselves out of that corner at speed - with a lot of pain and code churn and mess. I've found it vastly better to iterate slowly, using your experience (if you have it) to structure the core architecture and systems the way you want (AI writing the code) -- and then build upon that solid base -- taking special care to reject updates that butcher your architecture. I think this applies to most coding projects actually.

5. Game dev currently surfaces very clear differences in model capabilities with Opus 5.5 leading the pack (in this domain) and Fable 5.1 and Astra/GPT-6.1 Sol following a decent distance behind. Part of this is wrong usage of the tool. If you say "make a game" -- Opus will outperform the others by a large margin -- in making a generic "game" that was undefined (a paragraph of text is not a defined game). In these cases, the model has filled in all the gaps in undefined areas with average 'what probably looks good' content. You're left with something devoid of creativity. This is the problem with the myriad three.js tech demos.

If you instead have a clear understanding of what you're building, models (nearly all SOTA) will get you there cheaper by building what you've asked without speculation. I don't believe you should hand off the one human worthwhile trait, creativity, to the AI -- so "Opus build a game" is indeed the wrong way.

6. It seems hard (and pointless) to collaborate with other human developers when AI coding on smaller/indie projects. Each AI model is trying to "solve the whole thing". The speed also makes it hard to stop at arbitrary boundaries and promotes a rushed feeling or conversely a sluggish feeling (AI did all the stuff, now I'm waiting to integrate with a friend/collaborator). This is probably easily solvable but has thus far felt weird when I've collaborated.

7. The return of custom engines? While models do great with Godot and Unreal, this is the chance to build custom engines like the golden years of the 2000s. OK, this one is a bit of nostalgia but I miss the world of dozen of game engines each with their own unique look and feel. Otherwise you get XBOX 360 era where every "realistic" character looks like a Gears of War meathead. Every adventure game has the same mechanics, you're hooking something, you're scooting under something, you're scooting between walls or things, you're on collapsing things that require either button sequences or hitting your 'hook' (every adventuring has some hook of infinite rope of course). OK, this entire bullet is just a rant about samey-ness. LLMs should unlock our human creativity and allow experimentation outside of that cost imposed same-ness.

All things said, it's _clear_ that the acceleration is here if you know what you want. You can go from concept to prototype in a few hours. You then have to be disciplined enough to step back and rebuild that thing (with AI) correctly and towards a useful objective that you've thought up. I'm looking forward to went content creation catches up. Or perhaps that's a sad day when creativity vanishes.

How to engineer an AI harness for game development